Sunday, July 29, 2012

Vagary of an old and idle mind-1 Governance, leadership and corruption



The widely prevalent corruption in the Indian nation has left the people insensate and, paradoxically, seething inside. However, the recent media coverage of CWG and 2G scams and the judicial pronouncements, thereon, brought the issue forth into public focus. The conniving, for the antagonist, or hapless, for the sympathetic, government of Dr. Manmohan Singh was jolted out of its stupor of ambivalence and take note of the public anger.

The Anna Hazare team, fixated on its own version of ombudsman, Jana Lokpal, bill, spearheaded the agitation to force a bewildered government to abandon its reluctantly drafted bill, which was labelled  ‘toothless’ and angrily dubbed  ‘jokepal’. The rhetoric was reinforced with threat of fast unto death by Anna Hazare. This technique of protest was resorted to, effectively, by Mahatma Gandhi, during British occupation of India and pronounced unsuitable in independent India, by the Mahatma himself. There has been a lot of debate about the alleged intrinsic governmental apathy to fight corruption and the role of the civil society to force the government to accept its prescriptions for the social ills through methods which are not necessarily envisaged in the Constitution of India. It is argued that as all political parties come to close ranks on the issue and have a vested interest in perpetrating corruption from which they gain immensely. Therefore, people of India, as represented by the civil society of Mr Hazare, have no other recourse but to accept and support the discourse of the group. The agitating group, in fact, received immense emotional response from the people of India. The ills were not categorised and a simple and single cure was sought by the harassed population. The people also did not recognise the difference between corruption which can be addressed by an institution like the Lokpal and corruption due to maladministration which indeed hurts general public much more and may require humongous infrastructure for detection, training of personnel and provision of equipment et cetera over a considerable period of time and therefore, may have to be tackled differently. They also ignored the possibility of an omnibus Lokpal turning out to be Frankensteinian monster, in the course of time. The hope of Eldorado here and now has pushed back the possible scenarios of future. Be as it may, the popular response put a faltering government on the back foot.  The political opposition smelt blood and several riff-raff also jumped in to the fray.

The issue has been discussed on TV and other media ad nauseam.  However, I suspect that the role of the government in the modern society and the concepts of leadership which are also involved have not received the attention that it deserves as more radical views and exotic solutions caught more eye balls.

The cliché, ‘of the people, for the people and by the people,’ is often repeated with considerable vehemence and passion in order to remind the government that it must carry out the wishes of its masters, the people. People's wish it is implied must reflect in governments policies. However, it is important to realise that governance per se involves coercion. People’s will and governance, is, perhaps, dichotomy of democracy, yet inseparable. There is an element of juxtaposition in governance and reflecting the passing moods of the people. If everyone is doing what one ‘should do’ then where is the need for government? If social good is aggregate of maximum good for an individual then there is no scope for conflict. Each one of us will, without any compunction, pursue what one perceives is best for him or her. (since aggregate of individual good is hypothesised to be the good of the nation then we need not pursue any grudge against a Raja or a Kalamadi!)  If it is presumed that individual action can never   impinge adversely upon the interest of other members of the society then elaborate rules, laws, courts and other instruments of governance become redundant. Therefore, the important question is, if this concept of ‘godly person’, who would always do what gels with the general social needs, is correct and acceptable? The planet Earth is not Eldorado yet: as such a modicum of governance, albeit minimal, with the consent of the governed and which respects individual liberty, is requisite. It will be naive to presume that every person or a group of persons can be granted complete freedom of action and the liberty to pursue what he or they may consider good for themselves or even good for the people at large without audit. Passionate rhetoric and intemperate language must not take the place of considered and informed arguments. Noise is not music and as Shaw said, ‘sneers are no arguments.’

 In the milieu of national governance who can be this auditor? I believe it can be the representatives of the people duly elected by them and ultimately people themselves who would express themselves at the time of elections. There may be no short cuts to this and no group proclaiming to be the voice of the people can appropriate to itself the right to represent them without their consent.

A nation state will require a government and the people must ensure that this government is a good government but they must not circumscribe it into incapability.

 Political leaders are much reviled lot who constitute, probably, the largest group who are the butt of the most cruel of jokes and gossip. God knows, several of them have earned it for themselves. However, the politicians are drawn from the same society as the rest of us and, therefore, as a class, must have good people as well as the bad ones, in the same proportion as in any other trade, indeed in the society itself. To contend the MPs are villains and the rest of the society which elects them is Lilly white, is naive. Indeed politicians, even the bad ones, are the instruments through which the various interest groups interact and arrive at an optimum share of benefits for the groups. This process fulfils the aspirations of the people and ensures inter-group peace and harmony. Therefore it will not be wise to decry the institution of the political leadership entirely.

 In a democratic setup people are supreme but almost, for the governments cannot function by the Gallup polls. It is well argued that the politicians must project and carry out the wishes of their constituents. However, the politicians have a role, apart from being one of them and representing the people, that of being a leader; a role which a society can deny to them only at its cost and peril.  Obviously, a leader should be a person of acumen with ideas for future direction. He must be able to communicate with people and persuade them to accept his paradigms.  Perhaps, a tall order but that is what is requisite. The society needs to assume responsibility to elect such people instead of berating its own choice, at all the times.  A leader cannot be a mere mouthpiece for the multitude. And politicians cannot be replaced with any number of wise Judges, heads of tribunals or commissions lest the nation is lost to a dictator or an oligarchy of dictators.

(This was  written during the first Anna agitation)                                      

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